林地与农地制度变革的比较：产业特性的视角

土地制度改革一直是关系农村发展及社会稳定的重大问题。本文从产业特性的差异出发，对改革开放后林地与衣地制度改革路径中的制度安排与改革影响进行了比较，认为制度安排具有与产业特性相容的内在诉求，由于产业特性差异，林地制度对农地制度的简单复制难以凑效且不可持续，深化集体林权制度改革需要重视对林业特征的考察。     

林区小额信贷实践与理论探索——中欧天然林管理项目小额信贷示范全析

论述了什么是小额信贷,中国小额信贷的发展轨迹,为什么要在中国林区发展小额信贷,并且以中欧天然林管理项目小额信贷专项基金试点实践为例,介绍了三种运作模式,即NGO模式、国有森工企业模式和村社区天然林管理协会模式。实践证明,小额信贷对于提高林区居民的环保意识、增加森林保护型生计项目、拓宽收入来源和增加林区居民收入、扶贫济困、减少林区居民对天然林的依赖和破坏起到了积极作用,实现了保护天然林的目标;在分析和总结中欧天然林管理项目小额信贷试点运行成果和经验的基础上,对在全国天然林保护工程区内推广中欧天然林管理项目小额信贷工作提出了政策措施;建议。     

关于中国开展森林认证的几点建议

森林认证作为促进森林可持续经营和林产品市场准入的一种有效途径,近年来在世界范围内发展迅速。介绍了森林认证在国内外的进展现状,分析了我国开展森林认证的意义和必要性,提出了开展国际互认、实施森林认证产品政府采购政策等7项进一步推进我国森林认证工作的建议。     

茂山林场林权纠纷调处对策研究

随着林地、林木资源的不断增值,国有林场与周边村寨之间的林权纠纷时有发生,这不但严重影响和制约了国有林场工作的正常开展,同时也影响林区的未来发展。通过对某市林权制度改革情况的专题调研,针对当前茂山林场林权纠纷长期以来存在的社会矛盾问题,从林权纠纷的概念、产生的原因和对策入手,针对茂山林场林权纠纷发生的现象,通过对茂山林场林权纠纷情况进行综合分析,分析产生的原因,找出林权流转过程中存在的问题,阻碍林权流转的制约因素,提出解决问题的对策,并明确加快林权流转的途径与策略选择。     

Criteria for the Stochastic Ordering of Random Sums,with Actuarial Applications

It is shown that vectors ( S M 1 , … , S Mn ) and ( S' M'1 , …, S' M'n ) of random sums of positive random variables are stochastically ordered by upper orthant dependence, lower orthant dependence, concordance or by the supermodular ordering whenever their corresponding random numbers of terms ( M 1 , … , M n ) and ( M' 1 , … , M' n ) are themselves ordered in this fashion. Actuarial applications of these results are given to different dependence structures for the collective risk model with several classes of business.     

International Competitiveness: A Case Study of American,Swedish, and Ukrainian Forest Industries

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this article are to assess changes in the international competitiveness of the forest products industries in three countries (Sweden, the US, and Ukraine) during the years preceding, during, and after the recent economic crisis. To deepen the exploration of the three countries’ competitiveness, we propose a Cross-Country Relative Competitiveness Index. The results show that comprehensive measurement of comparative and competitive advantages is essential for determining why a given industry in a given country is doing well or badly. They also provide broad background information for subsequent, more detailed explorations of important changes and trends.     

Perfectly competitive bilateral exchange without discounting

In a random-matching economy of traders who maximize cumulative consumption (overtaking criterion), the stationary, Markov, Bayesian-perfect equilibrium is studied. At such equilibrium, two results hold: (1) perfect substitutability between current and future consumption implies a no-surplus condition; and (2) by the no-surplus condition, there is a nominal price at which all trades must occur. These results strengthen the seminal results of Ostroy (1973) regarding monetary bilateral exchange in two ways: the incentive compatibility of the equilibrium trading pattern is established and a less roundabout trading pattern enhances welfare by enabling consumption to occur more frequently.     

论林业生产的管理措施

从种子的采收、播种、苗期管理、造林、新造林管理、中幼林管理以及近成熟林管理等七方面分析林业生产的具体管理措施。     

Institutional Pressures and an Evolving Forest Carbon Market

It is estimated that 87 million acres of forestland in the United States (US) is managed by private industrial forestland owners (nearly 14% of the forestland nationwide). Private industrial forestland owners include forest product companies, Timber Investment Management Organizations (TIMOs) and Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). Current regulatory and voluntary carbon markets, as well as proposed national emission reduction legislation, in the US make provisions for substantial carbon offsets from domestic forestry projects. This research employs the theory of planned behavior by means of an online questionnaire in order to survey large industrial forestland owners (>30 000 acres) regarding intentions to manage forestland for carbon sequestration and trading. Quantitative results suggest that very few organizations (18%) were managing forestland for carbon values. Attitudes towards carbon sequestration and trading were significantly influenced by the managers' beliefs that emission reduction legislation would become law and that US forest carbon offsets can be used as a legitimate climate change mitigation tool. Qualitative results revealed that most organizations are taking a passive approach to carbon sequestration and trading until a suitable regulatory framework emerges and carbon prices provide the conditions for a sound investment. The researchers suggest that, given the size and scope of the climate change phenomenon as well as the multifaceted and unified mitigation strategy required to address it, the development of functional carbon markets will be an iterative process and may require a global carbon framework that reflects the globalized nature of the forest economy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

森林采伐限额管理制度研究综述

在查阅大量文献的基础上，将采伐限额管理制度的研究分为三个阶段，对森林采伐限额管理制度的研究现状进行了分析，主要包括采伐限额管理制度的必要性研究，超额采伐的原因分析，采伐限额管理制度对林农经营的影响研究，以及采伐限额制度存在的问题分析，提出了森林采伐限额管理制度需要深化研究的内容。